This is a 2300 x1200 x 900 cupboard for a surf club and is entirly Domied using 82 @ 8 x 40mm Domino tenons. Guide blocks and bits for 1⁄4” and 1⁄2” tenons are available as. Viewed 225 times. #3 · Nov 6, 2023. If it is, square the ends of the mortise. Cutters available for 8, 10, 12, and 14 mm thick tenons. A link to the customizable model for the clamp holder can be found below in the resources section. $382. Most woodworking projects call for 4/4 stock, which measures approximately 3 ⁄ 4 " thick after surfacing and sanding, so a 1 ⁄ 4 "-wide mortise works well for most of your projects. With an eight inch breadboard there will be a bit of force on the joint if someone leans on the table end. Posted on November 13, 2020 at 9:50 pm by Jim Hamiltion / Joinery. If the tenon isn’t very deep, secure it with one or two dowels, hammered in place and sanded smooth. This joint helps to prevent any external damage and leaves a smooth finish. Rabbet (or Rebate) and Dado: A piece of wood (called a rabbet) is inserted into a groove (that’s the dado) and is reinforced with glue. 002" glueline which can be assembled and disassembled by hand. Regards from Perth Derek. Purchase options and add-ons . If you need a strong joint, then biscuits might not be the best for you. Categories: Woodworking Joinery. 720 watts of power behind the device; If you have a home workshop for your woodwork hobby then you'll love the Festool Domino XL Joiner Set. The third photo is some of the mortises I made this week. It’s a perfect solution for loose tenon joinery. . 5, 15, 10, 5, and 1. Levoite Mortise Tenon Jig providing an easy, precise way to make loose tenon joinery,It is also a perfect self center dowel jig. Rated 4. The purist may swear by mortise and tenon. but pocket hole joints are every bit as strong and durable. This wood jointer can join wood wardrobes, cabinets, frames, and many types of furniture quickly with minimal effort. Jesse Cloud Member. 88 $93. $729. 00. Great fun! I guess my next step is to make a set of plans. Biscuit joiners, on the other hand, are used for biscuit joints. Ok, let’s start with the domino joint advantages. The dominos are just so small - but when ganged up they seem to make a strong joint. Each set of variable-size tenon inserts costs $38. The small clampholder can be glued to the jig. I just cut the tenon at an angle and devised a method to do this with hand or power tools (Shudder. Bruce Hoadley #21–Mar/April 1980 Issue. The Domino has features and accessories that make it ideal for loose tenon joinery. Micro Fence -Fence Registering Mortising Cuts. $208. Rout this strong joint quickly and accurately with a plunge router and a simple jig you can build. Pros. And that means clean, accurate tenons on any project, any time of. Long term should be as good as loose tenons in solid wood. Loose tenons are the absolute strongest of the 3. With mortises larger than that, I find I have better control by. Cubitron 3M Xtract Net Disc 710W, 240+, 5 in, Die 500X, Pack of 50 Hook and Loop Sanding Discs, Virtually Dust-Free, Premium Option for Metal, Wood, Composites, Stock Removal, and Fine Finishing. . If the tenon is a snug to tight fit it will result in a starved joint. Tenon length: The general rule is that the minimum tenon length is five times its thickness. Instead of the birch used in the original, Tom chose to make the bench out of ipe decking, a dense hardwood that’s prized for its rich hue, knot-free surface, and durability. Free plan: Loose tenon joinery jig; Tools and material (affiliate) Festool OF1010 on amazon. $105. The bending-moment capacity is strongly affected by the length and width of the tenon. Speaker 1: If you can clamp and drill holes, you can make rock-solid joints like these instead. Most Recent The easiest mortise-and-tenon joint ever The router table works well for mortises up to 1x4" wide. The butt joint is not very strong on its own, which is why it is typically reinforced. Different combinations. 0 out of 5 stars 1 rating. Full-scale experiments were conducted to verify the proposed theoretical model. In addition to a mortise chisel and marking tools shown above, you need a mallet, a tenon saw, a bench hook, and 3/4″ bevel-edge chisel. Big parts require big joinery. DF500. Tech in wood joinery meets handcrafted design + build. All it takes to make the joint is a plunge router, a spiral bi. Loose tenon joints are constructed by mortising both the side of the stile and the end of the rail, and then inserting an appropriately sized tenon during glue-up. Coupon: Apply 5% coupon Shop items | Terms. After making tenon stock to proper thickness, round over the edges to match the mortise. . Mortise and tenon would be good, but takes a lot of time to fabricate. 1. This revolutionary new Festool Joiner cuts quick, precise mortises with the ease and simplicity of a biscuit cutter. [Applicable to Multiple Sizes]In order to save you more money, we provide a variety of wood precision milling tenons, designed for bare joinery and length, a template and template guide bushes and different combinations of planer bits, It can make 7 different standard mortises of loose. Follow us at: and Don walk us through a. As you probably know, Festool manufactures 2 domino joiner models: the DF 500 and the XL DF 700. Categories: Homemade Machines, Joinery Jigs, Plans, Router Jigs. Standard BeadLOCK joints are the starting point. 5. The tenon has radiused edges to match the routed mortise, eliminating chisel work, and is fluted to prevent hydraulic lock. Messages 5,533 Location Coolidge, AZ. 1Mill some tenon stock to thickness to fit the mortises but oversize in width. Round the end. Alignment and Sturdiness Tenon joinery made simple. MORTY™ LOOSE TENON JOINERY JIG: tenon joints take on a new dimension when the fit between the mortis. That fact says a lot to me as to how important a detail they thought it was. The joint may be glued, pinned, or wedged to lock it in place">M&T) would. When To Use A Loose Tenon Joiner. A s a woodworker, you must be asked now and then to reglue loose chair joints. The Beadlock® joinery system allows you to create joints with mortise and tenon strength without the need for large, expensive machinery. When mated up with a plunge router and a solid carbide straight bit, this jig will cut 1/8″ to 1/2″ mortises in stock thickness from 1/4″ to 2-1/2″ thick, up to 3-1/2″ long. The loose tenon is shown floating between the two components of the benchtop. I also used a paper layer, glued to the tenon cheek, to fix a rather loose tenon-mortise joint on a bench stool. correctly the joint was tested by applying pressure into the angle of the joint rather then leavering either end of the joint. It's not as versatile as a Wood Rat - it won't do dovetail joints (that's a whole other discussion) but it makes incredibly accurate M&T joints. Follow us at: and Don walk us through a. Here’s a compact jig that simplifies the process of making mortises with a palm router. Establish the mortise width at 1 ⁄ 3 the workpiece thickness. The joint broke snapping both round dowels leaving the frame section intact but in two pieces. 07-13-2009, 04:56 AM. The mortise-and-tenon joint is the true workhorse of solid wood woodworking. Clamp the reglued joint, and let it dry completely. This study was performed to determine the effects of bottom shoulder width (18. Then you cut a loose tenon (sort of a short spline) to fit halfway into each piece. Before I'd use biscuit joinery to replace mortise and tenon. Polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) and two-component polyurethane (PU) adhesives were used to construct joint specimens. Is there any advantage to loose tenon joinery over traditional tenons? I know with the new Domino tool, loose tenons seem to be becoming more popular. The fence works in multiple positions. Let the glue set and then trim any excess length off, and start to fit. Opens in a new window or tab. 10. +New Mortising Jig Loose Tenon Joinery System Slotting Bracket Invisible Fastener. View as Grid List. They compare tongue & groove, dowels, loose tenon, mortise & tenon, and biscuits. Ill create a loose tenon on the breadboard side, the 4 outer tonons will get oversized holes drilled and doweled to allow movement, the two center tenons will be a tight fit and doweled with a tight fitting hole. Building Furniture with Beadlock Floating Tenons - Video Transcript. Really, for anything that needs to be structurally strong and may take abuse, stronger joints like this one are a better choice. But instead of cutting mortises by hand, the Domino System uses a unique rotating and oscillating bit. If you don’t need quite strong joints, you should go for the biscuit joints. Beadlock Floating Tenons. 12 $ 109. Just as strong as a joint made with integral tenons, loose-tenon joinery trumps traditional mortise-and-tenon. 99. By Brad Holden. That said, when I make a table for family members, I use mortise. Hi Berry! To me, loose tenons are the way to go for strong joints, however the cope and stick method is usually used for cabinet doors. The following tenon sizes are available for the DF 500: 4 x 17 x 20 mm; 5 x 19 x 30 mm; 6 x 20 x 40 mm; 8 x 22 x 40 mm; Each plunge creates a mortise that is sized to accept a standard 'DOMINO' loose tenon with an oval-shaped cross section. Step 3: Cut the faces of the tenon. It is much better to hit the reset button and saw the tenon again. The only real drawback to pocket hole joinery is that the oval-shaped pocket holes are visible on one. 2. The bending moment capacity of joints increased. com. Tenons — the protruding portions of a mortise-and-tenon joint — are often formed at the table saw with a wide. This item Perezy Precision Mortising Jig and Loose Tenon Joinery 2 in 1 Punch Locator Doweling Jig Connector Fastener Woodworking Tools Red 34 Pcs Pocket Hole Jig, Woodwork Guides Joint Angle Tool 15 Degree Holes Puncher Locator Dowel Jig Kit, Hole Positioning Fixture with Screws Spring Clip, 6/8/10mm Drill Drive Adapter for Carpentry The domino effect: Since Festool launched the Domino joinery tool in 2007, it has garnered wide respect for its ability to speed the creation of loose-tenon joints for many projects. 2-In-1 Slot. Read More. Max Depth: 2-3/4″ (70mm) When looking at the resulting joint made by a Domino, the two most important factors are penetration depth and tenon thickness. 10 reviews. Though it's not structurally necessary, cutting a shoulder adjacent to the rail. Making loose tenon joint and lots of them is so easy with this jig. He studied dowel joints to find out why they fail and to discover the recipe for a joint that wood not fail. Make the shim just thick enough that when you push the tenon into the mortise, the wedge will expand the shoulders of the tenon snug. 5. 50pcs Domino Joiner, 8X40mm Positioning Loose Tenons Biscuit Joiner, Beech Portable Stable Tenon Cutter, Woodworking Accessory for Furniture Splicing Cabinet Making Frame Engineering Woodworking. I’ve used Pocket Holes for the huge majority of my woodworking projects, including a couple of display cabinets. The best biscuit joinery techniques to monitor the depth of your cuts is simply by testing: Mill a slot in a piece of scrap wood. The loose tenon itself can be described as an elon-gated rectangular prism with rounded shoulders. Mortising Jig and Loose Tenon Joinery System Woodworking Invisible Slotting Bracket Trimming Machine Hole Stand for Wardrobe Cup. Even. Structurally, a loose-tenon joint resembles a traditional mortise-and-tenon joint, and it’s every bit as strong. So a 1/4″-thick tenon should be 1-1/4″ long. These notes are general guidelines; sizeThis article originally appeared in the February 2014 issue of Popular Woodworking Magazine as “4 Way to Make a Mortise. The Domino is made for it. Both Festool and Beadlock purport to do the same thing- create two mortises into which their loose tenons will fit. Set Descending Direction. I also spent a little time in front of the video camera and made a short video. Problem: Gaps & Loose JointsThe Domino joiner is the finest portable loose tenon joiner in the world. Please consider creating a new thread. Learn how to properly glue up mortise-and-tenon joinery. Levoite Mortise Tenon Jig providing an easy, precise way to make loose tenon joinery,It is also a perfect self center dowel jig. Make loose tenons from 1 ⁄ 2 "-thick stock, with the grain aligned with the slabs' grain. The floating tenon failed at a. It does a slightly different job. The combination ease, precision, speed, and strength of floating tenons basically can't be matched - nothing else this qu… Do you suffer from a love of woodworking with the lack of disposable income that comes with owning the trendiest power tools? Well have I got the answer to a. . . If you’ve ever used dowels to join wood, you already have experience with loose tenon joinery. With floating tenons, the user can cut a mortise in both sides of a joint with a power tool, insert a tenon inside, and then glue the joint. Quickly and easily locating onto the workpiece, the jig creates precise, repeatable mortises for industry standard 10mm tenons. outlets-plus (1,672) 97. . 2%. 9K 199K views 2 years ago "Loose-tenons" don't mean tenons that are loose. A little lighter looking. THE KIT The parts included with the basic. Compare this to biscuits, which are 4mm (5/32") thick and penetrate into the workpiece a maximum of 12mm (1/2"). Well, nobody wears a hat in the shop any more, but you get the idea. . Dowels require - a drill. Also includes sample 1/4-inch x 1-1/8-inch hardwood tenons and detailed instructions. Share. It’s also one of the most. It's a joy to use. 54K subscribers Subscribe Subscribed 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3. The elongated design will does rotate,. When the variable cross-section breaks and the tenon neck partially cracks, the joints' bending moment and stiffness reduce with increasing looseness. [Powerful and professional] A variety of wood precision milling tenons are available in this set. Thanks Hello Fresh for sponsoring this video! Use code 3X3CUSTOM12 to get up to 12 FREE MEALS across your first 4 HelloFresh boxes, including free shipping o. So if you're in production work, this tool will pay for itself. If you need a strong joint, then biscuits might not be the best for you. Matching pre-made tenon stock is available in pre-cut lengths or in 12″ pieces that you cut to size. The upside is that you can make the tenons as wide as necessary to help keep the material between in check. — Christopher Schwarz, editor, Lost Art Press Personal site: christophermschwarz. For example, if you have a 1/2" thick tenon, rounding over the ends would reduce the width of the glue surface by 2x (1/4") or 1/2". The jig enables a series of overlapping holes to form a mortise for Beadlock tenon stock. 39 in). With the Beadlock system and just a few common tools, you can make perfect mortise and loose tenon joints beginning with. Third, my preference comes from experience. Mortise and tenon vs Loose Tenon. I made mortises in the two stiles, glued tenons in them and then laminated a rail (a half tichness rail with a half mortise on each face of the door). I have actually been on a quest lately to discover a budget-friendly substitution of the Festool Domino to suggest to my audience. $ 8. The effects of adhesive type and loose tenon dimensions (length and thickness) on bending strength under uniaxial bending load of T-shaped mortise and loose tenon joints were investigated by Derikvand and Ebrahimi (2014). com. 3 Steps to a Great Mortise-and-Tenon Glue-Up. I had a very similar personal experience to that of Chris from Sharp Edge Woodworking in the video. Reply Quote. It's a tried-and-true option that has served woodworkers for decades. Use it to quickly cut mortises for traditional mortise-and-tenon or 'loose tenon' joinery and easily cut angled mortises as no elaborate jigs and fixtures are required! The G0846 is driven by a powerful 2-horsepower, 220V, 10-amp motor and is equipped with a 20" x 8" precision-ground cast-iron table. Commercially available tools use a router to aid in cutting both parts of this joint. 5 out of 5 stars 2. The back, top, bottom, shelves and one side is 18mm ply and the good side that will be seen is frame and panel Oak, also dominoed. Try this shop-built benchtop mortising jig. It's well made and very sturdy. In this video I go through the #basics of loose tenons, I compare them to more traditional mortice and tenon joints, give an honourable mention to dowels, an. The butt joint is not very strong on its own, which is why it is typically reinforced. 4 out of 5 stars 3 ratings. Thanks. This allowed joints in stock as thin as 10 millimetres (0. Cutter range 8, 10, 12, 14mm; check. A biscuit joint is a form of floating tenon that can increase the strength of a box, miter, or another style of joint tremendously. Return to Previous Page. A shop-built tenon jig will fit nice and snug on a rip fence the day you build it, but over time it can become loose - or too tight - from changes in humidity. . Machining Options. 2 Items . 11-08-2022, 7:26 PM #24. Mortise and Tenon trial is limited to preview. My Choice Building Furniture with Beadlock Floating Tenons - Video Transcript. When making a mortise and tenon joint, it's important for maximum strength of the joint that the tenon fit inside the mortise properly: neither too tight nor too loose. The elongated design will does rotate,. I mark all around with a square and knife. 17. Choose options $118. Biscuit Joiner: Dowel Joiner: Ease of Use: Easy to use than doweling jigs. Slide a square piece of scrap against the flutes of the router bit. This costs a hundred plus and the first iteration of this tool (not the pro! version) ) costs about fifty. Made in USA. The left line is your start line. These are all similar but with different levels of strength and complexity. You cut mating slots in workpieces. half rail:Extra-Large Loose Tenons. When making the joint, the narrow end of the mortise has to be at least as wide as the widest part of the tenon. If you want to create strong and durable joints without expensive machinery, you might want to check out the Rockler 3/8'' Beadlock Basic Starter Kit. 50/Count)Domino Joiner vs Dowels. My design provides just as much glue area as a doweled door, but it requires only one cutting operation instead of two. The jig can cut mortises from 1/8″ to 1/2″ wide and 3-1/2″ long. Easy to do—just like drilling dowel joints; More gluing surface than a typical loose mortiseand-tenon joint makes it stronger. Loose-Wedge Mortise & Tenon Joints. That reduction means there’s a shoulder around the tenon, giving added stability in all directions. BOSCH RA1129 2-Piece Quick-Change Router Template Guide Adapter Kit for Threaded Template Guides. Typical: $109. Read more. I wrote about the method a long time ago, in a blog here. Loose Tenon Router Jig 12. 99. It’s also one of the most versatile. The subject of chair regluing is huge and, to my knowledge, has never been covered well in the woodworking literature. The latter requires cutting an integral tenon in one of the parts to fit in a mating mortise cut in the other part. This allowed joints in stock as thin as 10 millimetres (0. Part # ROC20796. Rockler BeadLock joinery kit (Loose tenon Domino-style joinery with a power drill) Mortise Master Jig (Fantastic for mortises with a router and loose tenon joinery) Leigh DR4 24-inch dovetail jig (I don’t use it much, but it’s great for batching out dovetails) Dewalt biscuit joiner (You’d be surprised how often this comes in handy)Loose Tenon Joints. Get your job done with ease: Basic use, but it requires more strength: Joint Strength : Can make precise and strong joints than using a doweling jig: While it is typically some of the basic joiners, these are also loose traditional tenon joiners. The mortise and tenon is arguably the most used joint in woodworking; from heavy timber structures still standing after thousands of years to delicate cabinet doors in fine boutique galleries, the joint is adaptable to fit almost any scenario. $80. The second illustration is an “X-ray” view of the assembled joint with 1/2”-diameter pegs piercing the benchtop. Designed for bare joinery and length, jig and jig guide bushings, and different combinations of planer bits, it can do 7 standard mortises different from the free tenon, 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm and 14 mm, which are more powerful. Loose tenons are an extremely strong joint, but some of the machinery required to make them can get a little pricey… Not anymore! This Mini Mortising Jig can be made using scraps plus the cost of a few little clamps and fixtures, and you’ll be making quick and easy loose tenons in no time!A domino joiner cuts grooves for domino shaped biscuits and it cuts in the same way a biscuit joiner does. 0:00 / 4:51. It's almost too easy. 5. This is unorthodox construction to be sure. So I built this: The vertical face closest to you holds the sliding fence with the. per. While a biscuit is loosely considered a spline, a Domino is a true. Woodworkers around the world have used it for thousands of years to join pieces of. Whether using loose or integral tenon joinery, there should be no need for "gap filling", which is just a euphemism for poorly fitted joinery. The alternative to what you've proposed is to remove the existing tenon. These are the only tools you need for dowel joinery. I will be using loose tenons to connect the. Festool Domino Size Chart. The horizontal position cuts the mortise on the edge of a workpiece, while the vertical position cuts the mortises on the end of a. Free plan: Loose tenon joinery jig. The frames, panels, and tenons are then glued together. 3. Using a loose-tenon joiner, make a series of matching 20mm-deep mortises in the edges of the cedar sides and the faces of the caps on each side’s top edge. This revolutionary new Festool Joiner cuts quick, precise mortises with the ease and simplicity of a biscuit cutter. Next, round the blank’s edges to match the mortises. Since you have started on loose tenons - my first advice here is a little different from your questions. 8" to 9" wide. Next year, I want to make a possibly heirloom quality display cabinet, so I’ve been thinking of using more glue-based joinery. You cut mating slots in workpieces, then glue in loose tenons that resemble dominoes. First, plane a length of stock to fit the mortises. A sliding dovetail holds the breadboard end tight to the main board while allowing for expansion and contraction. In part 3, you'll see how to set up and adjust this easy-to-use jig to cut mortises. A floating mortise and tenon joint, also called a loose tenon, simulates a mortise and tenon but is much easier to produce, while still providing the strength of a mortise and tenon joint. The fresh glue should not stick to the old glue. Brand: Woodpeckers. joint—but easier to produce—is the loose-tenon mortise and tenon joint (Aman et al 2008). $442 at Amazon $717 at Walmart $535 at Home Depot. For those who prefer to cut their own, we still have one-foot lengths as well. This allows the tenon to expand and shrink with the slab even after being glued in place, preventing splitting. mortise-and-tenon or dowels. A cross between a plunge router and biscuit joiner, the Domino uses a spiral bit to cut slotted mortises in a variety of sizes. Loose-tenon joinery has some of the same problems previously discussed, such as the spaces between the tenons. Before using your new Domino joiner, make sure you fully read and understand all of the precautions and safety information presented in this manual. Instead of cutting a tenon on one part and a mortise in the other, I rout identical mortises in both parts, and connect them with a. (This isn't a strike at the Domino -- it's a VERY good product. It takes minutes to do, compared to the hour or more that I spent chiseling through the 1 1/4 oak at 3/4" wide. I have 10 chairs sitting in my dining room with domino made loose mortise and tenon. View as Grid List. Create incredibly strong, totally concealed joints with only your hand drill and the Beadlock Joinery Jig. 59 $5. Free shipping. If the tenon end is cracked, you'll have to reinforce it. Whether loose or integral tenon I would consider 1-1/2" minimum, 2" or more would be better. 67. 88 $ 80. The Beadlock Pro kit is solidly made of steel and anodized aluminum, and it comes standard with a high-speed steel 3⁄8” bit, stop collar, a paring block (to guide your chisel if you wish to flatten the ridges for a traditional mortise) and a molded storage case. Mortise Master creates awesome mortises quickly, easily and accurately using a. Concealed joints improve a project's appearance. First of all - make sure of the grain on your tenons. Typical price: $129. That reduction means there’s a shoulder around the tenon, giving added stability in all directions. So a 2" wide tenon would only have 1. 0 5. The beadLOCK loose tenon joinery system has been a favorite of mine ever since John English reviewed it in the February 2000 Woodworker’s Journal (the print edition). IvanIn its most basic form, a mortise and tenon joint is simple, extremely strong, and the technique can be scaled up or down in size with great success. 00 . x 3/4 in. Reviews (2)And, for those new to loose-tenon joinery, the ability to glue up large projects and have them stay together (a headache with biscuits) is transformative. Loose tenon joinery - you may find a happy alternative that keeps you out of Festool dollar hell. This unique tenon stock is specially designed for our Beadlock® Loose Tenon Joinery System. But with loose tenon joinery, the tenon is a separate element that spans the joint to fit into a. Here's a detailed discussion of breadboard joinery, focusing on whether loose tenons will serve the purpose in a Mesquite table top. Mortise and tenon joints are strong and stable joints that can be used in many projects. Add to cart. Influences of the neighbouring gaps on the mechanical properties of the PMT joint have been. More details. $99. This method is. Size for size (and properly fitted and glued), loose tenons and integral tenons have similar strength. The story follows. All professional woodworkers will want this powerful joining tool in their own toolbox. The domino effect: Since Festool launched the Domino joinery tool in 2007, it has garnered wide respect for its ability to speed the creation of loose-tenon joints for many projects. 99 $ 32. M&T's usually consist of a larger fitted piece considered the "tenon", and therefore would be a stronger joint. This is referred to as either a blind-wedged tenon G or a fox wedge. INCLUDES - Morty Loose Tenon Joinery Jig, (4) Guide Bushings, (2) Flip Stops, Centering and Template Setting Tools, (4) Extension. 2. Use your router for loose tenon joinery with standard-sized tenon stock. I doubt that there is much difference between oak and birch (or maple), the major difference is the size and number of tenons. 91. Mortise and tenon joints are the strongest glue joints in woodworking, but they're time-consuming to cut and fit. A sturdy jig, used with a plunge router and edge guide, ensures well-cut mortises and better mortise and tenon joints. The Origin also cannot come close to the depth for the longer dominos. These solid wood loose tenons are made from 100% solid Beech hardwood for the ultimate in strength and durability. They are perfect for making strong joints in cabinets, furniture, casework, trim work. One edge of the hole is actually inside the mortise, so the. The original tool supported cutter sizes from 4 mm to 10 mm with available tenon sizes from 4x20 mm up to 10x50 mm. The beauty of the domino is taking the mortiser to the work instead of the work to the machine, like a bisquit joiner does. As for dowels, in essence a dowel can be considered a "loose tenon". The loose tenon itself can be described as an elongated. ).